COUNTRIES / APAC + MIDDLE EAST · 20 MARKETS IN SCOPE
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PHYSICAL FACILITY INVENTORY
Who is building where?
Explore documented data-centre activity across 20 markets. Available facility details include dated sources; an operating label retains the date of its source.
452campus / site groups in research
545research records, including supporting rows
452 research campus / site groups · Inventory snapshot . Source dates vary; coverage is incomplete.
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Singapore
All lifecycle states
30 research campus / site groups.
38 research records across all lifecycle states in Singapore, including building / phase observations and unresolved identities. These records are not additional campuses.
Research totals describe NTRY’s documented inventory. They are not a complete market census, fresh operating verification or accepted evidence. Source and identity checks determine which named details can be released.
Facility details are not yet available for this selection. This is a coverage gap, not evidence of no data centres.
Campus / site groups are counted once; supporting building and phase rows do not add campus counts. Named facility details are a subset of this inventory and must not be added to its counts. Planning approval is not construction or operation. Accepted measurements remain separate from facility counts.
Market evidence for Singapore
Source-linked measurements and news provide context for the facility inventory. Evidence records do not add sites to its counts.
Ministry of Energy and Trade and Industry · Written reply · modelling and balancing electricity and water demandOFFICIAL POLICY POSITION · ANSWER 7 OCT 2026 · DC-CFA2 APPLICANTS ≥50% GREEN ENERGY · FACILITY PUE REQUIREMENT UNDER BILL · WATER RULES POSSIBLE · NOT SITE POWER
Singapore puts AI data-centre power and water into national planning—and facility efficiency on the policy path
Singapore · national policy / DC-CFA2 · Published 07 Oct 2026
Official policy context—not a quantified demand forecast, data-centre load measurement, site allocation, firm grid connection, water entitlement or operating capacity. The reply publishes no demand-model values, PUE threshold, water standard or named-site allocations. The ≥50% green-energy condition applies to applicants in DC-CFA2; it is not a blanket rule for every Singapore facility. PUE requirements are described as future requirements under a recently introduced bill; the reply does not establish commencement or the final threshold. Water-efficiency requirements may be introduced but are not shown as currently applied. Excluded from operating-capacity totals and scores.Ministry of Energy and Trade and Industry, Singapore source ↗
Singapore Parliament / MDDI / IMDA · Digital Infrastructure Bill and 2024 sector electricity demandREPORTED PASSED 7 OCT 2026 · COMMENCEMENT UNVERIFIED · MINISTRY EXPECTED 2027 · 2024 NATIONAL ELECTRICITY USE · RATED-LOAD LICENSING GATES
Singapore Bill reportedly passed; official speech reports about 6.5 TWh used in 2024
Singapore · national data-centre sector · Published 07 Oct 2026
Passage is not commencement: current Gazette commencement dates, final Codes of Practice and substantive compliance deadlines were not verified. The announced 2027 timing is a ministry expectation, not an appointed date; the six-month window is for licence applications, not a deadline to meet every requirement. The 2024 demand statements are rounded national aggregates, not facility load, grid headroom, occupancy or utilisation. The WUE figure is a policy target, not measured performance or a verified mandatory threshold. Neither a repeatable annual series nor a published calculation method is supplied; this remains contextual and excluded from governed longitudinal totals. The licensing regimes have different service scope and exemptions; a ≥10 MW own-use enterprise facility is not automatically a major third-party service. Excluded from operating-capacity totals and scores.Singapore Ministry of Digital Development and Information source ↗
Singapore Energy Market Authority · Singapore power systemOFFICIAL VERSION 4 FORECAST · SYSTEM-WIDE RESERVE MARGIN · 2030 UPPER-CASE SHORTFALL · NOT SITE HEADROOM
EMA's upper-demand reserve margin falls below the required 27% from 2030
Singapore · Published 08 Sept 2026
These are national planning forecasts and RFP requirements, not observed demand, awarded or constructed generation, operating capacity, firm supply, connection headroom or a facility SLA. The upper-bound demand scenario includes prospective projects across energy-intensive sectors such as semiconductors and data centres, but it does not quantify data-centre load or establish causation. Reserve margin is system-wide, not campus-ready power. The supply projection excludes imports until they are firm, and the requested 2031–2032 units receive zero operating-capacity credit. Values use Version 4's current figures; redlined superseded values are excluded. Excluded from operating-capacity totals and scores.Singapore Energy Market Authority source ↗
SINGSTAT / Energy Market Authority · National electricity systemOFFICIAL 2021–2024 SSIC 2020 SERIES · BROAD INFORMATION & COMMUNICATIONS CATEGORY · NOT DATA-CENTRE LOAD
Singapore's broad information-and-communications category used 50.7% more electricity in 2024 than in 2021
Singapore · Published 23 Jun 2026
National annual industry-classification context only. The Information and Communications category is broader than data centres and includes other information, communications and digital-service activities; the source does not isolate data-centre electricity use. The series is demand, not available capacity, reserve margin, grid-connection headroom, contracted power or deliverable site power. Values before 2021 use SSIC 2015, so this chart begins in 2021 and does not bridge the classification break. No hyperscaler causation is inferred. Excluded from operating-capacity totals and scores.Singapore Department of Statistics source ↗
Energy Market Authority · National electricity systemOFFICIAL 2020–2024 NATIONAL RELIABILITY SERIES · SUSTAINED INTERRUPTIONS · NOT A FACILITY SLA
Singapore customers averaged 0.26 minutes of sustained interruptions in 2024
Singapore · Published 13 Apr 2026
National annual customer-average reliability context only. SAIDI and SAIFI cover sustained interruptions; they do not measure voltage dips, momentary events, power quality, event concentration, substation redundancy, data-centre availability, contractual SLA performance or a named campus's resilience. The 2024 increase from 0.14 to 0.26 minutes is one annual movement and is not treated as a structural trend. Excluded from operating-capacity totals and scores.Energy Market Authority, Singapore source ↗
Energy Market Authority · National electricity systemOFFICIAL 1975–2025 NATIONAL GENERATION SERIES · 2025 CONSUMPTION UNAVAILABLE · CONTEXT ONLY
Singapore electricity generation reached 60,410.4 GWh in 2025
Singapore · Published 23 Jun 2026
National annual generation context only. Generation is not available capacity, reserve margin, grid-connection headroom, contracted or delivered site power, or data-centre load. The source reports 2025 electricity consumption as unavailable, so no 2025 generation-consumption balance or surplus is inferred. Dataset classification footnotes are retained; sector rows spanning 2020–2021 require care because the source changes from SSIC 2015 to SSIC 2020. Excluded from operating-capacity totals and scores.SINGSTAT / Energy Market Authority source ↗
Singapore electricity system · National all-sector electricity consumptionOFFICIAL ANNUAL CONSUMPTION SERIES · NATIONAL ALL-SECTOR DEMAND · COMPLETE 2024 YEAR · NOT DATA-CENTRE-SPECIFIC
Singapore electricity consumption reached 58 TWh in 2024—as information and communications grew faster
Singapore · Published 11 Oct 2026
These are rounded annual national consumption totals across all sectors. The information-and-communications growth rate includes activities beyond data centres and is not a data-centre electricity-use figure. Consumption is not peak demand, generation capacity, reserve margin, grid headroom, contracted power or campus-available supply, so it cannot size a data-centre supply gap or enter operating-capacity totals. Excluded from operating-capacity totals and scores.Singapore Energy Market Authority source ↗
Singapore Energy Market Authority · National electricity gridOFFICIAL ANNUAL GRID SERIES · NATIONAL AVERAGE · NOT DATA-CENTRE-SPECIFIC
This is a generation-weighted annual national-grid average, not a data-centre-specific footprint, contracted clean-energy share, hourly marginal-emissions profile or proof of renewable additionality. It does not identify which generators serve a facility, distinguish imported electricity, or show DC-CFA2 compliance, so it cannot be converted into workload MW, operating capacity or an allocation score. Excluded from operating-capacity totals and scores.Singapore Energy Market Authority / National Climate Change Secretariat source ↗
Ministry of Energy, Trade and Industry · DC-CFA2 supported data centresCAPACITY SUPPORT CONDITIONAL · PRIMARY GRID SUPPLY · LOW-CARBON REPORTING REQUIRED · NOT OPERATING
Singapore says the 200 MW DC-CFA2 tranche will rely mainly on the grid
Singapore · Published 10 Sept 2026
The 200 MW is supported data-centre capacity, not measured electricity demand or operating IT load. The reply gives no grid-versus-solar MW split, commissioning dates, delivered power, fuel-specific allocation or utilisation. The more-than-half low-carbon share is a future condition of capacity support, not verified generation or consumption today. Excluded from operating-capacity totals and scores.Singapore Ministry of Energy, Trade and Industry source ↗
Singapore Department of Statistics · National enterprise infocomm usageOFFICIAL ANNUAL ENTERPRISE ADOPTION SERIES · DEMAND PROXY · NOT WORKLOAD MW
Singapore enterprise cloud use more than doubles to 41% in five years
Singapore · Published 20 Apr 2026
This is a national enterprise technology-adoption series covering all enterprises, not contracted workload, cloud revenue, data-centre occupancy, utilisation, electricity demand or MW. Usage may be served from infrastructure outside Singapore, so the series cannot close the numerical supply-demand gap or enter capacity totals. Excluded from operating-capacity totals and scores.Singapore Department of Statistics via data.gov.sg source ↗
Digital Realty · Jurong Island DC-CFA2 facilityPROVISIONAL 50 MW ALLOCATION · DELIVERY DATE UNDISCLOSED · NOT OPERATING
Digital Realty receives a provisional 50 MW Jurong Island allocation
Jurong Island · Published 24 Aug 2026
The 50 MW allocation is provisional, is nested within the 200 MW DC-CFA2 tranche and must not be added to that tranche. The new facility is not operating; no final approval, commissioning date, delivered power, customer occupancy or utilisation is disclosed. The green-energy share is a design commitment, while the existing 84 MW is a company-reported combined platform figure—not available capacity. Excluded from operating-capacity totals and scores.Digital Realty source ↗
Nxera / Singtel · DC TuasFACILITY OPENING ANNOUNCED · UTILISATION UNDISCLOSED
Nxera announces the opening of its largest Singapore data centre
Tuas · Published 09 Feb 2026
This is an operator opening announcement. The release does not establish customer occupancy, utilised IT load, delivered power at review time or a market-wide supply increase. Excluded from operating-capacity totals and scores.Singtel source ↗
EDB / IMDA · Second Data Centre Call for ApplicationPROVISIONAL ALLOCATION · APPROVALS PENDING · NOT OPERATING
Singapore provisionally allocates 200 MW across four DC-CFA2 proposals
Singapore · Published 21 Aug 2026
The allocation is provisional and remains subject to approval and implementation processes. It is not operating capacity, and the release does not establish an IT-load basis for aggregation. Excluded from operating-capacity totals and scores.Singapore Economic Development Board source ↗
ST Telemedia Global Data CentresAwarded · Accepted
Singapore · Evidence 21 Aug 2026
Development pipeline capacity. STTGDC was selected under DC-CFA2 to develop 50 MW of new Singapore data-centre capacity. The award remains subject to approval and implementation processes and is not operating capacity; the publisher does not label the figure as operating IT load.STTGDC Singapore DC-CFA2 release source ↗
5 other proposals concern policy, demand, grid load, investment or broader market context.
Accepted development measurements · Singapore · 1 record
These accepted measurements can describe a campus, phase or wider programme. They are not additional facilities and are not added to the inventory. A site relationship is shown only after its identity is matched.
ST Telemedia Global Data CentresAccepted evidence · Awarded
Development pipeline capacity · Evidence 21 Aug 2026
STTGDC was selected under DC-CFA2 to develop 50 MW of new Singapore data-centre capacity. The award remains subject to approval and implementation processes and is not operating capacity; the publisher does not label the figure as operating IT load.STTGDC Singapore DC-CFA2 release source ↗
One physical facility map; lifecycle and evidence review remain separate. Power allocations, MW, capital plans and programme measurements never become extra facility counts.
Contextual research informs diligence; it does not change accepted observations, governed coverage or rankings. Governed views use the returned evidence feed; missing or bounded records are not proof of no market activity.
NTRY LIVEWHAT CHANGED AND WHY IT MATTERSRECENT ARTICLES · SOURCE FACTS & ANALYSIS
FILTER BY THEME, GEOGRAPHY, COMPANY OR EFFECT3 / 14
Showing the latest three items. Source facts remain separate from NTRY analysis; every item includes a caveat. Hover or focus to pause.
POPULATION × DIGITAL REACH · SINGAPORE
How large is the digital demand backdrop?
Inspect Singapore population, internet participation and business adoption. Regional comparisons are optional below. These are demand proxies; they do not measure local compute workloads or available data-centre capacity.
Singapore · 2024 population × internet participation
Horizontal axis: population, logarithmic scale. Vertical axis: individuals using the internet, % of population. Select a point or choose a market below.
Singapore · relative to the 18-market 2024 panel median0.2× panel median population · -1.1 pp internet participation
Panel medians are 31.2m people and 95.5% internet participation. They are descriptive reference lines—not targets, scores, demand forecasts or investment thresholds.
World Bank WDI / ITU · fixed 2024 comparison · 18 matched economies. Dashed guides are panel medians. Unverified or conflicting cells are omitted, never plotted as zero.
Singapore · population movement · 2023–2024 · 1 matching midyear series
Market size and population growth answer different questions. Switch between percentage change and people added; select a bar to inspect its source. Market order is alphabetical.
Shared zero line · left: decrease · right: increase · percent change from the 2023 base. Bar lengths use one common scale. Mint: increase · slate: decrease · amber: selected market.
Source: World Bank WDI population estimates, CC BY 4.0; exact source links appear in each profile. NTRY calculation: (2024 − 2023) / 2023 × 100; absolute change is 2024 − 2023. Taiwan’s year-end registered-population series remains separate in its profile. Population change does not establish customer spend, local workloads or causation.
Singapore · digital participation movement · 2019–2024 · 1 matching series
Compare reported digital-participation change on its own, or place it beside population movement. Select any point or bar to inspect the exact dated history and source.
Horizontal: 2023→2024 population change, %. Vertical: 2019→2024 internet-participation change, percentage points. Same source series within each axis; periods intentionally remain distinct. Amber: selected market.
Singapore · two contextual movementsPopulation +2.01% · digital participation +5.4 pp
Population uses 2023→2024 midyear estimates; digital participation uses the 2019→2024 internet-use series. Different periods and units remain separate.
Sources: World Bank WDI population estimates and WDI / ITU indicator “Individuals using the Internet (% of population)”, CC BY 4.0; exact source links appear in each profile. NTRY calculations: 2024 population − 2023 population as a percent of the 2023 base; 2024 internet-use value − 2019 value. The relationship view has 1 matched markets. China and Taiwan remain outside it because their retained internet observations use unresolved or different denominators. Survey methods and historical revisions can create apparent movement; neither view measures enterprise adoption, compute demand or causation.
Population6m2024 · 6,036,860 persons
Internet participation94.4%2024 · individuals, not enterprises
Population movement · 2023 → 2024+119,212 people · +2.01%
5,917,648 → 6,036,860 persons. World Bank country/economy midyear estimates on the displayed source basis.
Population estimates may be modelled and revised; not a census count or measure of local compute demand. Internet-use survey quality, frames and reference periods can differ among reporting economies. Annual population and internet percentages must not be interpreted as enterprise AI adoption, spending, or campus-ready power.
Internet participation movement · 2019 → 2024+5.4 percentage points
88.9% → 94.4% of population on the displayed World Bank / ITU indicator basis. Historical revisions and survey-method changes remain possible.
Individuals using the internet
Exact dated observations
Metric
Reference period
Percent
Individuals using the internet
2019
88.9%
Individuals using the internet
2020
92%
Individuals using the internet
2021
96.9%
Individuals using the internet
2022
96%
Individuals using the internet
2023
94.3%
Individuals using the internet
2024
94.4%
Source-reported contextual history. Historical revisions and national survey differences remain possible.
Compare Singapore with other markets · ChatGPT use and estimated AI adoption
Optional regional comparison. These charts intentionally include other countries; the selected profile remains Singapore.
PROVIDER-PUBLISHED USAGE · OPENAI SIGNALS V2.0
How much ChatGPT conversation is work-related?
June 2026 · 18/20 markets. Compare the work-related share of consumer ChatGPT messages, then select a market to inspect its monthly history. The percentage describes messages within each market; it is not a business-adoption rate or provider market share.
Common 0–100% scale · alphabetical order · mint: published share · amber: selected market · unknown: no released observation. Select a row to update all demand evidence.
Singapore · June 2026 · work-related message share46.1%
24/24 monthly observations in this release. Automated publisher classification; messages, not users or businesses.
Lower rank number means higher consumer ChatGPT message use relative to 2023 population within the publisher's country panel.
Exact quarterly population-adjusted ranks
Quarter
Published rank
Population basis
Jan 2025
#2
2023 World Bank population
Apr 2025
#2
2023 World Bank population
Jul 2025
#1
2023 World Bank population
Oct 2025
#1
2023 World Bank population
Jan 2026
#1
2023 World Bank population
Apr 2026
#1
2023 World Bank population
Decision use: separate use intensity from work orientation.
Work-related share shows the composition of messages within a market; the ordinal rank shows population-adjusted consumer ChatGPT message use across countries. Together they can prioritise deeper demand diligence, but neither measures adoption, users, absolute message volume, paid enterprise demand, provider market share, local workload hosting or compute demand.
Singapore · Q2 2026 · two-publisher demand context#1 of 147 · 64.3% estimated AI use
OpenAI population-adjusted consumer message-use rank paired with Microsoft's estimated share of people ages 15–64 using any generative-AI product.
Dashed lines are the descriptive medians of the 17 matched markets: rank #59 and 27.9% estimated AI use. They are not targets or thresholds.
Decision use: test whether two independent demand signals point in the same direction.
The relationship can flag markets for deeper diligence when population-adjusted ChatGPT message use and the broader Microsoft generative-AI-use estimate diverge or align. Different products, populations, methods and denominators make this contextual triangulation—not provider market share, adoption proof, a composite score, causal evidence, compute demand or an allocation rule.
Claude and Gemini: comparable country-by-month measures are not included in this view. No cross-provider share or composite adoption score is calculated.
Source, population, precision and reuse
Consumer ChatGPT messages from Free, Go, Plus and Pro accounts with declared age at least 18; excludes Enterprise and Codex, deleted accounts and users who opt out of training.
300,000 messages sampled globally per month; day-weighted, automatically classified work-relatedness; differential privacy and rounding to 3 decimals. Country is associated with request. Rank uses 2023 World Bank population. Values are publisher estimates; granular country slices have greater sampling variance. Changes may reflect user composition, classification and restatements. This is external contextual history, with no semantic acceptance or NTRY inference.
Chatterji, Cunningham, Deming, Hitzig, Johnston, Richmond, Ong, Shan and Wadman, OpenAI Signals v2.0 · CC BY 4.0. NTRY modifications: selected country rows, conversion of fractions to percentages, monthly chart, quarterly ordinal-rank chart, cross-publisher descriptive scatter and missing-value display. Snapshot checked 12 October 2026; data ends June 2026. The public downloads are verified source material; this contextual panel does not create accepted observations or NTRY inference.
ESTABLISHED CROSS-MARKET ADOPTION PROXY · MICROSOFT AI DIFFUSION
How widely is generative AI being used?
Q2 2026 · 18/20 NTRY markets · 72 dated estimates. Microsoft estimates the share of people ages 15–64 who used a generative AI product. This is a broad usage measure—not ChatGPT, Claude or Gemini market share.
Ranked Q2 2026 estimate · common 0–100% scale · mint: published estimate · amber: selected market · unknown: no economy estimate in this release.
Population scale × generative-AI use
Horizontal: 2024 population, logarithmic scale. Vertical: Microsoft Q2 2026 AI Diffusion estimate. Dashed guides are the 18-market panel medians—not targets, scores or allocation thresholds. Select a point to inspect its evidence.
Singapore · two separate contextual observations6m people · 64.3% estimated AI use
0.2× the panel median population · +36.5 percentage points versus the panel median AI-use estimate.
The axes intentionally retain different reference periods and definitions. Their position is descriptive context only: it does not estimate addressable users, enterprise demand, compute load, revenue, hosting location, power need or causation.
Decision use: identify where broad consumer generative-AI use may deepen demand diligence.
Use this as a comparable adoption proxy beside population, digital reach and official enterprise surveys. It can prioritize questions about paid business demand, local workload placement and connectivity. It cannot size compute, power, revenue, capacity headroom or hyperscaler allocation.
The population×AI scatter and ranked bars are used instead of a radar chart. They preserve actual magnitudes, ordering and unknown values without normalizing unrelated evidence into a composite score.
Source, method, revisions and limits
Estimated share of people ages 15–64 who used a generative AI product during the period. Microsoft aggregates and anonymizes consumer AI telemetry, then adjusts estimates for operating-system and device-market share, internet penetration and population.
Microsoft describes this as an estimate from aggregated, anonymized consumer telemetry. Results can move with product coverage, calibration, internet access and historical revisions. The measure is usage—not skill, productivity, business adoption, spending, provider share, compute demand, hosting location or infrastructure capacity.
NTRY modifications: exact selection of the 20-market universe, labels aligned to NTRY market names, percentage parsing, ranking and selected-market trend. Snapshot checked 2026-10-12. The public dataset is verified source material; this contextual panel does not create accepted observations or NTRY inference.
Population is country/economy context, not a utility service territory. World Bank WDI population values are midyear estimates; Taiwan uses separately sourced year-end registered population and is excluded from the shared scatter. Internet use is the share of individuals who used the internet. World Bank / ITU attribution, CC BY 4.0. NTRY modifications: 2024 selection, rounding, chart rendering and within-series percentage-point changes and 2023–2024 population differences. These sources provide context only; this panel does not create accepted observations or an investment conclusion.
MARKET EVIDENCE
Findings to examine
Source-linked context and NTRY interpretation. Open each finding to inspect its limits.
01Singapore · CONTEXT
Singapore electricity consumption reached 58 TWh in 2024—as information and communications grew faster
WHY IT MATTERS · NTRY INTERPRETATION
Keep Singapore attractive for high-value constrained workloads; release additional campus capital only against firm power allocation, delivery dates and a credible low-carbon supply path.
What to verify and evidence limitsWhat to verify next
Data-centre-specific load, system peak-demand forecasts, licensed generation availability, connection-queue evidence and firm campus power allocations.
Project stage and scope
OFFICIAL ANNUAL CONSUMPTION SERIES · NATIONAL ALL-SECTOR DEMAND · COMPLETE 2024 YEAR · NOT DATA-CENTRE-SPECIFIC
These are rounded annual national consumption totals across all sectors. The information-and-communications growth rate includes activities beyond data centres and is not a data-centre electricity-use figure. Consumption is not peak demand, generation capacity, reserve margin, grid headroom, contracted power or campus-available supply, so it cannot size a data-centre supply gap or enter operating-capacity totals.
Treat lower grid intensity as supportive, not sufficient; require credible low-carbon procurement and hourly matching.
What to verify and evidence limitsWhat to verify next
Facility-level contracted clean-energy share, imported-electricity attribution and hourly emissions.
Project stage and scope
OFFICIAL ANNUAL GRID SERIES · NATIONAL AVERAGE · NOT DATA-CENTRE-SPECIFIC
This is a generation-weighted annual national-grid average, not a data-centre-specific footprint, contracted clean-energy share, hourly marginal-emissions profile or proof of renewable additionality. It does not identify which generators serve a facility, distinguish imported electricity, or show DC-CFA2 compliance, so it cannot be converted into workload MW, operating capacity or an allocation score.
Singapore puts AI data-centre power and water into national planning—and facility efficiency on the policy path
WHY IT MATTERS · NTRY INTERPRETATION
For a Singapore entry or expansion, diligence the applicable DC-CFA award conditions, green-energy sourcing, facility PUE obligations and any water-efficiency rules before sizing the phase. Do not treat policy eligibility as a firm grid connection, an energy allocation or a water entitlement.
What to verify and evidence limitsWhat to verify next
The enacted bill and commencement date; final PUE thresholds and compliance rules; any issued water-efficiency standard; published DC-CFA2 award conditions by operator; and named-site electricity, green-energy and water allocations.
Project stage and scope
OFFICIAL POLICY POSITION · ANSWER 7 OCT 2026 · DC-CFA2 APPLICANTS ≥50% GREEN ENERGY · FACILITY PUE REQUIREMENT UNDER BILL · WATER RULES POSSIBLE · NOT SITE POWER
Official policy context—not a quantified demand forecast, data-centre load measurement, site allocation, firm grid connection, water entitlement or operating capacity. The reply publishes no demand-model values, PUE threshold, water standard or named-site allocations. The ≥50% green-energy condition applies to applicants in DC-CFA2; it is not a blanket rule for every Singapore facility. PUE requirements are described as future requirements under a recently introduced bill; the reply does not establish commencement or the final threshold. Water-efficiency requirements may be introduced but are not shown as currently applied.
Source-reported developments, with project stage and caveats. These updates do not change accepted measurements, capacity totals or rankings.
10 decision charts · scoped evidence visuals in Singapore · scroll horizontally to explore, or use the controls
EVIDENCE IDENTITY CHECK1 duplicate source view collapsed across equivalent source, effective period and series values. Counts below use unique evidence identities.
DECISION CHARTSOfficial, evidence-bound market visuals are surfaced first. Use Evidence shape to separate repeated history from point-in-time and project-stage comparisons.
Manual browsing · reduced motion
1 of 10
Singapore · SingaporePublished Effective
Singapore electricity consumption reached 58 TWh in 2024—as information and communications grew faster
OFFICIAL ANNUAL CONSUMPTION SERIES · NATIONAL ALL-SECTOR DEMAND · COMPLETE 2024 YEAR · NOT DATA-CENTRE-SPECIFIC
Singapore's Energy Market Authority reports total electricity consumption rising from 52 TWh in 2019 to 58 TWh in 2024, an 11.5% increase on the published annual totals. EMA reports 4.0% growth in 2024 and identifies information and communications as one of the faster-growing sub-sectors at 12.3%, without isolating data-centre load.
2019 consumption
52 TWh
2024 consumption
58 TWh
2019–2024 change
+11.5%
2024 information & communications growth
+12.3%
Singapore total electricity consumptionTWh
201952 TWh
202051 TWh
202154 TWh
202255 TWh
202355 TWh
202458 TWh
Historical series · repeated dated points · context only · excluded from governed totals
Caveat: These are rounded annual national consumption totals across all sectors. The information-and-communications growth rate includes activities beyond data centres and is not a data-centre electricity-use figure. Consumption is not peak demand, generation capacity, reserve margin, grid headroom, contracted power or campus-available supply, so it cannot size a data-centre supply gap or enter operating-capacity totals.
OFFICIAL ANNUAL GRID SERIES · NATIONAL AVERAGE · NOT DATA-CENTRE-SPECIFIC
Official Singapore data show the national grid emission factor at 0.409 kg CO₂/kWh in 2019, peaking at 0.417 in 2022 before falling to 0.412 in 2023 and 0.402 in 2024. EMA attributes the latest decline to a higher solar share and lower generator emissions intensity, while natural gas still supplied 94.0% of the 2024 electricity mix.
2019 grid factor
0.409 kg CO₂/kWh
2022 peak
0.417 kg CO₂/kWh
2024 grid factor
0.402 kg CO₂/kWh
2024 natural-gas share
94.0%
Singapore grid emission factor — selected official pointskg CO₂/kWh
20190.409 kg CO₂/kWh
20220.417 kg CO₂/kWh
20230.412 kg CO₂/kWh
20240.402 kg CO₂/kWh
Historical series · repeated dated points · context only · excluded from governed totals
Caveat: This is a generation-weighted annual national-grid average, not a data-centre-specific footprint, contracted clean-energy share, hourly marginal-emissions profile or proof of renewable additionality. It does not identify which generators serve a facility, distinguish imported electricity, or show DC-CFA2 compliance, so it cannot be converted into workload MW, operating capacity or an allocation score.
Singapore · Singapore · national data-centre sectorPublished Effective
Singapore Bill reportedly passed; official speech reports about 6.5 TWh used in 2024
REPORTED PASSED 7 OCT 2026 · COMMENCEMENT UNVERIFIED · MINISTRY EXPECTED 2027 · 2024 NATIONAL ELECTRICITY USE · RATED-LOAD LICENSING GATES
CNA reported Parliament passed the Bill on 7 October 2026. The 6 October opening speech sets sustainability licensing for new and existing data centres at ≥3 MW rated critical IT load, including own-use enterprise facilities. The ≥10 MW security/resilience regime covers cloud and co-location data-centre facility services. Critical IT load is maximum design IT/network power, not instantaneous consumption. The 7 October closing speech reports about 6.5 TWh used in 2024, slightly more than 10% of national electricity consumption, and PUB's WUE target of ≤2 m³/MWh for new and existing data centres. MDDI expected staged commencement in 2027; existing operators would have six months from commencement to apply, with continued operation while IMDA considers their application.
2024 data-centre electricity use
About 6.5 TWh · national aggregate
Share of national electricity consumption
Slightly more than 10% · rounded official statement
Sustainability-licence threshold
≥3 MW rated critical IT load · new and existing DCs, including own-use enterprise
Security/resilience facility-service threshold
≥10 MW rated critical IT load · cloud/co-location services
Commencement expectation announced 7 Oct
2027 · ministry expectation, not verified Gazette date
Existing-operator application window
Six months from relevant commencement · may operate while application considered
PUB Water Usage Effectiveness target
≤2 m³/MWh · target, not measured compliance
Singapore Digital Infrastructure Bill — data-centre licensing thresholds after passageMW rated critical IT load · commencement unverified · distinct licensing scopes
All covered DCs≥3 MW · sustainability
Cloud / colo≥10 MW · facility services
Point-in-time comparison · not a trend · context only · excluded from governed totals
Caveat: Passage is not commencement: current Gazette commencement dates, final Codes of Practice and substantive compliance deadlines were not verified. The announced 2027 timing is a ministry expectation, not an appointed date; the six-month window is for licence applications, not a deadline to meet every requirement. The 2024 demand statements are rounded national aggregates, not facility load, grid headroom, occupancy or utilisation. The WUE figure is a policy target, not measured performance or a verified mandatory threshold. Neither a repeatable annual series nor a published calculation method is supplied; this remains contextual and excluded from governed longitudinal totals. The licensing regimes have different service scope and exemptions; a ≥10 MW own-use enterprise facility is not automatically a major third-party service.
Singapore says the 200 MW DC-CFA2 tranche will rely mainly on the grid
CAPACITY SUPPORT CONDITIONAL · PRIMARY GRID SUPPLY · LOW-CARBON REPORTING REQUIRED · NOT OPERATING
Singapore's energy ministry says the four supported DC-CFA2 data centres, equal to about 12% of national data-centre capacity, will draw electricity primarily from the national grid with on-site solar supplementation. More than half of the supported capacity is committed to Singapore-based low-carbon generation, and operators must report total electricity use and substantiate the low-carbon share to IMDA and EDB.
Supported tranche
200 MW
Share of national DC capacity
≈12%
Electricity route
Primarily grid + on-site solar
Singapore low-carbon commitment
>50%
Singapore DC-CFA2 supported capacityMW · conditional support, not operating
Supported tranche200 MW
Stage comparison · statuses are not additive · context only · excluded from governed totals
Caveat: The 200 MW is supported data-centre capacity, not measured electricity demand or operating IT load. The reply gives no grid-versus-solar MW split, commissioning dates, delivered power, fuel-specific allocation or utilisation. The more-than-half low-carbon share is a future condition of capacity support, not verified generation or consumption today.
EMA's upper-demand reserve margin falls below the required 27% from 2030
OFFICIAL VERSION 4 FORECAST · SYSTEM-WIDE RESERVE MARGIN · 2030 UPPER-CASE SHORTFALL · NOT SITE HEADROOM
EMA's 8 September 2026 Version 4 RFP forecasts upper-bound system peak demand rising from 9.2 GW in 2026 to 14.4 GW in 2034. Against projected supply, the corresponding reserve margin is 27% in 2029, 18% in 2030, 9% in 2031 and -1% in 2034. EMA is seeking one new CCGT unit of at least 600 MW for 2031 and up to five units of at least 500 MW each for 2032.
Required reserve margin
27% · system-wide
2030 upper-case reserve margin
18%
2031 upper-case reserve margin
9%
2034 upper-case reserve margin
-1%
Singapore upper-demand reserve-margin forecast — EMA Version 4% · system-wide forecast; required margin 27%; not site headroom
202629% · above requirement
202737% · above requirement
202836% · above requirement
202927% · at requirement
203018% · below requirement
20319% · below requirement
20327% · below requirement
20335% · below requirement
EMA required reserve margin: 27%
Stage comparison · statuses are not additive · context only · excluded from governed totals
Caveat: These are national planning forecasts and RFP requirements, not observed demand, awarded or constructed generation, operating capacity, firm supply, connection headroom or a facility SLA. The upper-bound demand scenario includes prospective projects across energy-intensive sectors such as semiconductors and data centres, but it does not quantify data-centre load or establish causation. Reserve margin is system-wide, not campus-ready power. The supply projection excludes imports until they are firm, and the requested 2031–2032 units receive zero operating-capacity credit. Values use Version 4's current figures; redlined superseded values are excluded.
Digital Realty receives a provisional 50 MW Jurong Island allocation
PROVISIONAL 50 MW ALLOCATION · DELIVERY DATE UNDISCLOSED · NOT OPERATING
Digital Realty says Singapore's DC-CFA2 process provisionally allocated 50 MW for a planned fourth facility on Jurong Island, designed to power more than half of its capacity through green-energy pathways. The company separately reports three existing Singapore data centres with about 84 MW of combined capacity.
Provisional new allocation
50 MW
Existing platform
≈84 MW / 3 sites
Singapore DC-CFA2 provisional capacity — total tranche and Digital Realty allocationMW · nested provisional scopes; not additive and not operating
DC-CFA2 tranche200 MW provisional
Digital Realty50 MW provisional
Stage comparison · statuses are not additive · context only · excluded from governed totals
Caveat: The 50 MW allocation is provisional, is nested within the 200 MW DC-CFA2 tranche and must not be added to that tranche. The new facility is not operating; no final approval, commissioning date, delivered power, customer occupancy or utilisation is disclosed. The green-energy share is a design commitment, while the existing 84 MW is a company-reported combined platform figure—not available capacity.
Singapore's broad information-and-communications category used 50.7% more electricity in 2024 than in 2021
OFFICIAL 2021–2024 SSIC 2020 SERIES · BROAD INFORMATION & COMMUNICATIONS CATEGORY · NOT DATA-CENTRE LOAD
The official SINGSTAT dataset reports electricity consumption by the broad Information and Communications category increasing from 4,029.0 GWh in 2021 to 6,072.0 GWh in 2024. Its share of national electricity consumption rose from 7.53% to 10.53% over the same SSIC 2020 classification window.
2024 category electricity use
6,072.0 GWh
2021–2024 change
+50.7%
2024 national share
10.53%
2021 national share
7.53%
Singapore information & communications electricity consumption — 2021–2024GWh · broad SSIC 2020 industry category
20214,029.0 GWh
20224,852.4 GWh
20235,408.5 GWh
20246,072.0 GWh
Historical series · repeated dated points · context only · excluded from governed totals
Caveat: National annual industry-classification context only. The Information and Communications category is broader than data centres and includes other information, communications and digital-service activities; the source does not isolate data-centre electricity use. The series is demand, not available capacity, reserve margin, grid-connection headroom, contracted power or deliverable site power. Values before 2021 use SSIC 2015, so this chart begins in 2021 and does not bridge the classification break. No hyperscaler causation is inferred.
Singapore electricity generation reached 60,410.4 GWh in 2025
OFFICIAL 1975–2025 NATIONAL GENERATION SERIES · 2025 CONSUMPTION UNAVAILABLE · CONTEXT ONLY
The official SINGSTAT dataset reports Singapore electricity generation increasing from 54,142.3 GWh in 2019 to 60,410.4 GWh in 2025, an 11.6% rise. Generation increased 1.3% from 2024 to 2025; the same dataset marks 2025 electricity consumption as unavailable.
2025 electricity generation
60,410.4 GWh
2019–2025 change
+11.6%
2024–2025 change
+1.3%
2025 consumption
Unavailable
Singapore electricity generation — 2019–2025GWh · national annual generation
201954,142.3 GWh
202053,071.6 GWh
202155,788.3 GWh
202257,113.7 GWh
202357,384.2 GWh
202459,616.1 GWh
202560,410.4 GWh
Historical series · repeated dated points · context only · excluded from governed totals
Caveat: National annual generation context only. Generation is not available capacity, reserve margin, grid-connection headroom, contracted or delivered site power, or data-centre load. The source reports 2025 electricity consumption as unavailable, so no 2025 generation-consumption balance or surplus is inferred. Dataset classification footnotes are retained; sector rows spanning 2020–2021 require care because the source changes from SSIC 2015 to SSIC 2020.
Singapore enterprise cloud use more than doubles to 41% in five years
OFFICIAL ANNUAL ENTERPRISE ADOPTION SERIES · DEMAND PROXY · NOT WORKLOAD MW
Official annual data show business usage of cloud-computing services rising from 19.6% in 2020 to 41% in 2025, while reported business use of artificial intelligence rose from 3.9% to 23.5%. The sequence strengthens Singapore's demand-side case as an adoption signal, but does not size data-centre demand.
Cloud use
19.6% → 41%
AI use
3.9% → 23.5%
Singapore enterprise cloud-computing adoption% of enterprises
202019.6%
202126.5%
202227.1%
202330.8%
202436%
202541%
Historical series · repeated dated points · context only · excluded from governed totals
Caveat: This is a national enterprise technology-adoption series covering all enterprises, not contracted workload, cloud revenue, data-centre occupancy, utilisation, electricity demand or MW. Usage may be served from infrastructure outside Singapore, so the series cannot close the numerical supply-demand gap or enter capacity totals.
Singapore customers averaged 0.26 minutes of sustained interruptions in 2024
OFFICIAL 2020–2024 NATIONAL RELIABILITY SERIES · SUSTAINED INTERRUPTIONS · NOT A FACILITY SLA
EMA reports a national System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI) of 0.26 minutes per customer in 2024 and a System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI) of 0.006 interruptions per customer. The five-year SAIDI sequence was 0.17, 0.13, 0.16, 0.14 and 0.26 minutes from 2020 to 2024.
Historical series · repeated dated points · context only · excluded from governed totals
Caveat: National annual customer-average reliability context only. SAIDI and SAIFI cover sustained interruptions; they do not measure voltage dips, momentary events, power quality, event concentration, substation redundancy, data-centre availability, contractual SLA performance or a named campus's resilience. The 2024 increase from 0.14 to 0.26 minutes is one annual movement and is not treated as a structural trend.
Where demand meets delivery. And where it does not.
Explore the evidence on each side of the market. Values retain their original scope and status; NTRY only calculates a gap when the records are genuinely comparable.
Accepted delivery proofAccepted observed demandFuture pipeline / capital not current supplySource-dated context excluded from totals
DELIVERY PROOF2 accepted records
Only accepted operating, commissioned or available capacity can light this lane. Contracted power remains context until delivery is evidenced.
PHASE CONDITIONALLYDelivery proof appears before workload proof.
DELIVERYDEMANDPAIR
Operating or available capacity does not establish absorption. Accepted workload, utilisation or observed-load evidence is still required.
NUMERICAL GAP WITHHELDDEMAND PROOF0 accepted records
Accepted workload, utilisation, pre-lease or observed-load evidence only. Forecasts, floors and declared maxima remain context.
MARKET DECISION PULSE · SINGAPORE
Realised demand is material; incremental scale is becoming explicitly licensed.
1/2comparable proof inputs
OBSERVED LOAD × REGULATORY THRESHOLDSDigital Infrastructure Bill licensing thresholds
Source-derived context · excluded from governed totals
All covered DCs≥3 MW · sustainability
MW rated critical IT load · commencement unverified
Cloud / colo≥10 MW · facility services
MW rated critical IT load · commencement unverified
0MW rated critical IT load · commencement unverified
SOURCE RECORDS BY STATED EVIDENCE STATE13 cited context records
Record count—not MW or a conversion rate
0Reported operating
1Launch milestone
1In delivery
1Allocated / contracted
0Announced / planned
10Policy / adoption context
DECISION EFFECTPhase capacity; require an anchor-demand hurdle before release.
Contextual demand or supply signals are visible, but cannot replace accepted observed evidence. Opportunity is a conditional path, not spare megawatts: release capital only as power, demand and delivery milestones become comparable.
Governed evidence anchors the SWOT. Where evidence is still thin, NTRY states a conditional hypothesis, what would falsify it and which dated indicators must be collected next.
Evidence cards are governed; SWOT placement is a transparent rule-based interpretation. Working hypotheses identify questions for further evidence and do not become facts, market scores, allocation recommendations, trends or Signals.
Potential strengths
What existing advantages are reported?
NTRY WORKING HYPOTHESIS
Existing-ecosystem advantage
If Singapore can demonstrate available operating capacity, firm power and network diversity, its existing ecosystem may reduce time to deployment.
What would falsify it: Named capacity is unavailable, energisation is delayed, or comparable peer markets can deliver sooner.
Next dated indicator: Available MW, dated energisation, utilisation or pre-lease evidence, and independent network paths.
RESOURCE_CONSTRAINED_CALIBRATED_GROWTH · Singapore Data Centre Sector
Official policy says capacity growth must be calibrated against scarce land, power and water. This evidences an entry constraint, not a predetermined market cap or proof that a named site lacks capacity.
Caveat: MDDI stated on 8 September 2026 that Singapore must grow data-centre capacity in a disciplined manner because data centres are intensive users of scarce land, power and water. The statement evidences a country-level resource and allocation constraint, not a predetermined capacity cap, rejection of a specific project, site-level shortage or investment recommendation.
What would change this assessment: Confirm the applicable capacity-allocation process, licence timing, resource-efficiency requirements, and the named site’s land, power and water entitlements.
An official capacity policy provides an expansion avenue to investigate. A policy target is not an award, a project entitlement or delivered capacity.
Source, scope and what to verify
Source statement: MDDI reaffirmed the Green Data Centre Roadmap baseline of at least 300 MW of additional data-centre capacity
Scope: Singapore · COUNTRY_POLICY_CAPACITY_FLOOR
Evidence date: 9 Sept 2026
Caveat: MDDI reaffirmed on 9 September 2026 that Singapore would work from the Green Data Centre Roadmap baseline of at least 300 MW of additional capacity. The normalized 300 MW value is a policy provision floor, not awarded, under-construction, operating or deliverable capacity.
What would change this assessment: Check eligibility, award conditions, deadlines and subsequent delivery evidence.
A reported development pipeline identifies expansion to investigate. Planned or under-construction capacity is not operating supply or proven demand.
Source, scope and what to verify
Source statement: Selected to develop 50 MW of new capacity
Scope: Singapore · NAMED_MARKET_AWARD
Evidence date: 21 Aug 2026
Caveat: STTGDC was selected under DC-CFA2 to develop 50 MW of new Singapore data-centre capacity. The award remains subject to approval and implementation processes and is not operating capacity; the publisher does not label the figure as operating IT load.
What would change this assessment: Check permits, financing, power delivery, construction milestones and anchor customers.
Power economics, connection timing, regulation or delivery risk could erode Singapore's relative attractiveness before 2031—even if headline capacity grows.
What would falsify it: Comparable evidence shows stable delivered-power cost, secured connections, predictable rules and on-time delivery.
Next dated indicator: Delivered power cost, grid delay, policy change, equipment lead time and resilience incidents.
Priority evidence gaps: Power economics · Grid access · Construction
THE UAE EVALUATION SYNOPSIS
Read the UAE build-out synopsis.
A two-page, source-bound synopsis of UAE energy demand context and capital intent, with three reviewed findings and the next diligence receipts.